{"id":2933,"date":"2022-09-13T12:41:47","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T11:41:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/?p=2933"},"modified":"2023-09-05T09:24:19","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T08:24:19","slug":"sindromul-ochiului-uscat-alimentatia-poate-influenta-evolutia-sa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/sindromul-ochiului-uscat-alimentatia-poate-influenta-evolutia-sa\/","title":{"rendered":"Sindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sindromul de ochi uscat este o afec\u021biune comun\u0103 a ochilor, caracterizat\u0103 prin insuficien\u021ba produc\u021biei de lacrimi sau evaporarea excesiv\u0103 a acestora. Cauzele sindromului de ochi uscat pot varia, de la expunerea prelungit\u0103 la mediul \u00eenconjur\u0103tor poluat sau la utilizarea \u00eendelungat\u0103 a ecranelor digitale, p\u00e2n\u0103 la tulbur\u0103ri ale glandelor lacrimale. Pentru a trata sindromul de ochi uscat, se recomand\u0103 folosirea de pic\u0103turi oftalmice hidratante \u0219i evitarea expunerii prelungite la factori iritan\u021bi. Preven\u021bia sindromului de ochi uscat const\u0103 \u00een men\u021binerea unei umidit\u0103\u021bi adecvate a aerului, hidratarea corespunz\u0103toare \u0219i pauze regulate \u00een timpul utiliz\u0103rii dispozitivelor digitale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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1. Ce este sindromul ochiului uscat?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sindromul ochiului uscat este o boal\u0103 multifactorial\u0103 a suprafe\u021bei oculare cu mecanisme precum instabilitatea filmului lacrimal, inflama\u021bia, hiperosmolaritatea lacrimal\u0103 \u0219i afectarea epitelial\u0103.<\/p>

Suprafa\u021b\u0103 ocular\u0103 include corneea, conjunctiva, glandele lacrimale \u0219i meibomiene, canalul nazolacrimal \u0219i pleoapele. Fiind o leg\u0103tur\u0103 direct\u0103 \u00eentre ochi \u0219i mediul extern, toate componentele ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 sinergic pentru a men\u021bine o stare de refrac\u021bie s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 \u0219i performant\u0103 \u0219i pentru a proteja structuri cheie ale vederii \u00eempotriva noxelor patogene externe. Ambele func\u021bii men\u021bionate mai sus sunt asigurate de producerea unui film lacrimal eficient.<\/p>

Glandele lacrimale secret\u0103 componenta apoas\u0103, precum \u0219i electroli\u021bi \u0219i proteine \u200b\u200b\u200b; epiteliile corneene \u0219i conjunctivale elibereaz\u0103 mucine care transform\u0103 lacrimile apoase \u00eentr-un gel muco-apos \u0219i cresc lubrifierea. Glandele meibomiene secret\u0103 lipide care formeaz\u0103 stratul extern al filmului lacrimal, prevenind evaporarea acestuia. Orice factor care perturb\u0103 homeostazia sistemului de suprafa\u021b\u0103 ocular\u0103 poate perturba stabilitatea \u0219i osmolaritatea lacrimilor, duc\u00e2nd la deteriorarea \u021besuturilor prin mijloace osmotice, mecanice \u0219i mecanisme inflamatorii.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sindromul ochiului uscat<\/a> afecteaz\u0103 5% p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30% dintre persoanele cu v\u00e2rsta peste 50 de ani, cu o inciden\u021b\u0103 mai mare la persoanele \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103, femei aflate \u00een postmenopauz\u0103, purt\u0103tori de lentile de contact \u0219i pacien\u021bi cu afec\u021biuni autoimune. Simptome precum vedere \u00eence\u021bo\u0219at\u0103, sensibilitate la lumin\u0103, irita\u021bie, arsur\u0103 \u0219i m\u00e2nc\u0103rime, pot restric\u021biona activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice cu impact negativ asupra calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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2. Clasificarea sindromului de ochi uscat<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Clasificarea sindromului de ochi uscat<\/a> include dou\u0103 subtipuri principale care se caracterizeaz\u0103 printr-o produc\u021bie mai sc\u0103zut\u0103 de lacrimi (sindrom de ochiul uscat prin deficit de ap\u0103) sau evaporare crescut\u0103 (sindrom de ochiul uscat prin evaporare), care coexist\u0103 adesea \u00een acela\u0219i tablou clinic.\u00a0Ultima form\u0103 este de obicei asociat\u0103 cu disfunc\u021bia glandelor meibomiene, o alterare calitativ\u0103\/cantitativ\u0103 a lipidelor produse de aceste glande, care sunt esen\u021biale \u00een prevenirea evapor\u0103rii excesive a filmului lacrimal.\u00a0<\/p>

At\u00e2t produc\u021bia sc\u0103zut\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i evaporarea crescut\u0103 a lacrimile duc la hiperosmolaritate \u0219i inflama\u021bie secundar\u0103 cu apari\u0163ia de leziuni ale suprafe\u021bei oculare. Instabilitatea filmului lacrimal rezultat amplific\u0103 hiperosmolaritatea lacrimal\u0103, astfel auto-men\u021b\u00een\u00e2ndu-se cercul vicios al sindromului de ochi uscat. Suprafa\u021ba ocular\u0103 este aproape constant expus\u0103 la lumina soarelui, inclusiv lumina ultraviolet\u0103, un factor cauzal al stresului oxidativ.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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3. Ce optiuni terapeutice avem?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tratamentul de prim\u0103 linie al sindromului de ochi uscat const\u0103 \u00een administarea de lacrimi artificiale cu scopul de a hr\u0103ni suprafa\u021ba ocular\u0103, a cre\u0219te lubrifierea \u00een timp ce concomitent dilueaz\u0103 concentra\u021bia de produ\u0219i inflamatorii. De actualitate este utilizarea corticosteroiziilor pentru a controla inflama\u021bia suprafe\u021bei oculare, dar cu riscul unor reac\u021bii adverse poten\u021bial grave precum glaucom<\/a>, cataract\u0103, risc crescut de infec\u021bie \u0219i \u00eent\u00e2rziere \u00een vindecarea r\u0103nilor. Ciclosporina A are un profil de siguran\u021b\u0103 mai bun, dar eficacitatea sa este mai mic\u0103, \u00een special pe termen scurt, iar disponibilitatea sa pe pia\u021b\u0103 (\u00een special \u00een Europa) este \u00een prezent limitat\u0103. Alte tratamente posibile includ, printre altele, ocluzia punctelor lacrimale, masajul pleoapelor, tratament cu lumin\u0103 pulsat\u0103.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00cen ultimii ani, a existat un interes tot mai mare pentru rolul nutrien\u021bilor \u00een prevenirea \u0219i tratamentul sindromului de ochi uscat. Numeroase studii in vitro \u0219i in vivo au demonstrat efectul benefic al anumitor constituen\u021bi dietetici asupra suprafa\u021bei oculare.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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4. Acizii gra\u015fi esen\u0163iali<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Acizii gra\u0219i polinesatura\u021bi Omega-3 sunt componente structurale fundamentale ale memebranei celulare precum \u015fi precursori pentru sinteza a numeroase substan\u0163e biologic active. Omega-3 prezint\u0103 propriet\u0103\u021bi antiinflamatorii, anticoagulante \u0219i antihipertensive \u0219i\u00a0regleaz\u0103 metabolismul lipidic, toleran\u021ba la glucoz\u0103 \u0219i func\u021biile sistemului nervos central.<\/p>

Acizii gra\u0219i polinesatura\u021bi au un efect protector \u00eempotriva bolilor cronice precum bolile de inim\u0103, cancerul \u0219i tulbur\u0103ri neurodegenerative.<\/p>

Efectul supliment\u0103rii cu Omega-3 poate varia \u00een func\u021bie de subtipurile sindromului de ochi uscat. De exemplu, la pacien\u021bii cu disfunc\u021bie a glandelor meibomiene, eficacitatea lor poate depinde nu numai de activitatea antiinflamatoare, dar \u0219i de efectul asupra compozi\u021biei lipidelor meibomiene.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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5. Vitamina A<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Termenul de vitamina A cuprinde retinolul, cea mai activ\u0103 form\u0103 biologic\u0103 ob\u021binut\u0103 din surse animale \u0219i carotenoizii, precursori care se g\u0103sesc \u00eentr-o mare varietate de fructe \u0219i legume. Vitamina A este necesar\u0103 pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u021besuturilor mucoase, metabolism osos, reproducere \u0219i imunitate. Vitamina A este implicat\u0103 \u00een metabolismul, cre\u0219terea \u0219i diferen\u021bierea epiteliului suprafe\u021bei oculare.<\/p>

\u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea vizibil\u0103 a leziunilor epiteliale ale suprafe\u021bei oculare asociate fie cu administrarea oral\u0103, fie local\u0103, a fost deja raportat\u0103 anterior pentru diferite boli ale suprafe\u021bei oculare precum sindromul de ochi uscat. Studii clinice recente au eviden\u021biat avantajele administr\u0103rii pe termen scurt a vitaminei A \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103irea calit\u0103\u021bii filmului lacrimal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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6. Vitamina B12<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vitamina<\/a> B12 este un cofactor \u00een sintez\u0103 ADN-ului \u0219i este implicat\u0103 \u00een metabolismul acizilor gra\u0219i \u0219i a aminoacizilor. Se reg\u0103se\u0219te \u00een produsele de origine animal\u0103, inclusiv carne, lapte, ou\u0103, pe\u0219te \u0219i crustacee, iar deficitul sau este des \u00eent\u00e2lnit la pacien\u021bii care urmeaz\u0103 o diet\u0103 vegan\u0103. Dou\u0103 studii recente au observat o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a simptomelor de ochi uscat \u00een urma administr\u0103rii de lacrimi artificiale cu vitamina B12.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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7. Vitamina C<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vitamina C este o vitamin\u0103 solubil\u0103 \u00een ap\u0103 care este necesar\u0103 pentru func\u021bionarea unei game largi de enzime. Se reg\u0103se\u0219te \u00een fructe \u0219i legume precum citrice, c\u0103p\u0219uni, cire\u0219e, ro\u0219ii \u0219i broccoli. Filmul lacrimal con\u021bine niveluri ridicate de vitamina C, reflect\u00e2nd cererea mare a suprafe\u021bei oculare pentru ap\u0103rarea antioxidant\u0103. \u00cen plus, vitamina C pare s\u0103 joace un rol important \u00een procesele de vindecarea a leziunilor corneene.<\/p>

S-a observat o ameliorare a simptomatologiei sindromului de ochi uscat \u00een urm\u0103 administr\u0103rii de suplimente antioxidante const\u00e2nd din antocianozide, astaxantina, vitaminele A, C, E \u0219i mai multe extracte din plante, precum Cassiae \u0219i Ophiopogonis japonicas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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8. Vitamina D<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vitamina D este o vitamin\u0103 solubil\u0103 \u00een gr\u0103simi care poate fi ob\u021binut\u0103 prin aport alimentar specific sau poate fi produs\u0103 \u00een piele dup\u0103 expunerea la lumina soarelui. Deficien\u021b\u0103 de vitamina D a fost asociat\u0103 recent cu patogenez\u0103 sindromului de ochi uscat.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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9. Seleniu, curcuma, flavonoide<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Principalele surse alimentare de seleniu sunt carnea, pe\u0219tele, fructele de mare \u0219i cerealele.<\/p>\n

Curcuma este un polifenol izolat din Curcuma longa, care este utilizat pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 ca \u0219i condiment. Curcuma are propriet\u0103\u021bi antiinflamatorii, antimicrobiene, antioxidante, antiangiogenetice, rol \u00een vindecarea r\u0103nilor.<\/p>\n

Flavonoidele sunt un grup mare de polifenoli care se g\u0103sesc \u00eentr-o varietate de fructe \u0219i legume, ceai, cacao \u0219i vin ro\u0219u. Studiile \u00een vitro \u0219i \u00een vivo au demonstrat c\u0103 flavonoidele au puternice propriet\u0103\u021bi antiinflamatorii, imunomodulatoare \u0219i antioxidante.<\/p>\n

Suplimentarea acestor nutrien\u021bi au \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit calitatea filmului lacrimal al pacien\u021bilor cu sindrom de ochi uscat. <\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Aflati mai multe informatii despre Sindromul Ochiului Uscat, aici<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Descoperi\u021bi mai multe informa\u021bii valoroase despre oftalmologie \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea ochilor vizion\u00e2nd materialele realizate de exper\u021bi \u00een domeniu de pe canalul nostru de YouTube<\/span><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bibliography<\/strong><\/p>

Gipson, I.K. The ocular surface: The challenge to enable and protect vision: The Friedenwald lecture. Investig. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2007, 48, 4391\u20134398<\/p>

Versura, P.; Cellini, M.; Torreggiani, A.; Profazio, V.; Bernabini, B.; Caramazza, R. Dryness Symptoms, Diagnostic Protocol and Therapeutic Management: A Report on 1,200 Patients. Ophthalmic Res. 2001, 33, 221\u2013227.<\/p>

Pellegrini M, Senni C, Bernabei F, et al. The Role of Nutrition and Nutritional Supplements in Ocular Surface Diseases.\u00a0Nutrients. 2020;12(4):952.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\"Oftalmologie<\/a><\/figure>

Dr. Mocanu Valeria<\/a><\/h3>

Medic primar oftalmolog\n\u015eef de lucr\u0103ri - Universitatea de Medicin\u0103 \u015fi Farmacie Victor Babe\u015f Timi\u015foara<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConsult Programming<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa? Sindromul de ochi uscat este o afec\u021biune comun\u0103 a ochilor, caracterizat\u0103 prin insuficien\u021ba produc\u021biei de lacrimi sau evaporarea excesiv\u0103 a acestora. Cauzele sindromului de ochi uscat pot varia, de la expunerea prelungit\u0103 la mediul \u00eenconjur\u0103tor poluat sau la utilizarea \u00eendelungat\u0103 a ecranelor digitale, p\u00e2n\u0103 la tulbur\u0103ri ale […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3950,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole","category-noutati"],"yoast_head":"\nSindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa? - Clinica Oftalmologica Dr. Munteanu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/sindromul-ochiului-uscat-alimentatia-poate-influenta-evolutia-sa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa? - Clinica Oftalmologica Dr. Munteanu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sindromul ochiului uscat: alimentatia poate influen\u0163a evolu\u0163ia sa? 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