{"id":2116,"date":"2022-08-03T10:42:08","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T09:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/?page_id=2116"},"modified":"2026-06-03T14:18:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T13:18:06","slug":"retinopatia-diabetica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/retinopatia-diabetica\/","title":{"rendered":"Diabetic Retinopathy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2116\" class=\"elementor elementor-2116\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6489ff4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6489ff4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fec8908\" data-id=\"fec8908\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f902807 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f902807\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Diabetic Retinopathy - complication of diabetes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c86cff elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3c86cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e7890f4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e7890f4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66d17c5\" data-id=\"66d17c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-144c3a7 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"144c3a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Retinopatia diabetic\u0103, o afec\u021biune ocular\u0103 progresiv\u0103, poate afecta grav persoanele cu diabet zaharat. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem stadiile \u0219i simptomele retinopatiei diabetice pentru a interveni c\u00e2t mai devreme. Retinopatia diabetic\u0103 evolueaz\u0103 \u00een patru stadii distincte, de la modific\u0103ri minore ale vaselor de s\u00e2nge p\u00e2n\u0103 la dezvoltarea neovasculariza\u021biei. Simptomele ini\u021biale pot include vedere \u00eence\u021bo\u0219at\u0103 sau distorsionat\u0103, pete \u00eentunecate sau pierderea vederii centrale. O interven\u021bie prompt\u0103 \u0219i un tratament adecvat, cum ar fi terapia laser sau injec\u021biile intravitreene, pot \u00eencetini progresia retinopatiei diabetice \u0219i pot preveni complica\u021bii grave.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ca2653 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ca2653\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c187b2\" data-id=\"1c187b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5d571f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f5d571f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e5b33f6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e5b33f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-136912b0\" data-id=\"136912b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68e5ee25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"68e5ee25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">1. What is diabetic retinopathy?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6373eed0 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6373eed0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5baab381\" data-id=\"5baab381\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37653dce elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37653dce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels affecting the retina (the receptor for vision). <\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can cause blindness\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">unless\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is diagnosed and treated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-63b051e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"63b051e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a5ffdd5\" data-id=\"1a5ffdd5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53fa21e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"53fa21e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7cfd9d44 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7cfd9d44\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e97cc8b\" data-id=\"e97cc8b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bfeb82b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5bfeb82b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">2. If I am diabetic, do I also have diabetic retinopathy?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d3df72c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2d3df72c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b1a05d4\" data-id=\"6b1a05d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67e75784 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67e75784\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Worldwide, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">387 million people with diabetes worldwide, estimated to rise to 592 million people in 2035.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The worldwide prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes is 77.3% and with type 2 is 25.1%.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among patients aged 25 to 74, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss worldwide. By 2030, it is estimated that 191.0 million people globally will have diabetic retinopathy and approximately 56.3 million will have sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-714e252a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"714e252a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8dcf18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8dcf18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36a75644\" data-id=\"36a75644\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4db7fbbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4db7fbbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. How do I prevent diabetic retinopathy?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ae9030e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ae9030e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a1068f4\" data-id=\"4a1068f4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369de9e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"369de9e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Studies have shown that the most important factor in preventing\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most common complication of ocular and general diabetes is blood glucose control. Blood pressure control also plays a key role.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each 1% reduction in mean HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) was associated with a 21% risk reduction for any diabetes-related complication, 21% for diabetes-related deaths, 14% for myocardial infarction and 37% for microvascular complications (this includes diabetic retinopathy).<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e5cf1df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e5cf1df\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25bb1c76\" data-id=\"25bb1c76\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e0327b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6e0327b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-120d43bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"120d43bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-401b1a4b\" data-id=\"401b1a4b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41fd4992 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"41fd4992\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4. Risk factors<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68259e82 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68259e82\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-48a8071f\" data-id=\"48a8071f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76cf8f67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76cf8f67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li aria-level=\"1\"><u><b>Duration of diabetes:\u00a0<\/b><\/u><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In type 1 diabetes, 25% of patients will develop diabetic retinopathy after 5 years, 60% after 10 years and 80% after 15 years<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In type 2 diabetes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy will develop in 2% of patients if disease duration is  25 years<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02. <u><b>Glycemic control<\/b><\/u><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommendation: Hb A1c 7% or 6.5% in selected cases<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 3. <\/span><b><u>Increased blood pressure<\/u><\/b><u style=\"font-weight: bold;\">\u0103<\/u><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 4. <\/span><b><u>Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia<\/u><\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 5. <\/span><b><u>Pregnancy<\/u><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> - only if there are previous retinopathy lesions<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 6.<\/span><b><u> Kidney failure<\/u><\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 7. <\/span><b><u>Age<\/u><\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 8. <\/span><b><u>Blood clotting problems<\/u><\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 9. <\/span><b><u>Physical inactivity\u00a0<\/u><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d94fe3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2d94fe3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61b3b06b\" data-id=\"61b3b06b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18449de7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"18449de7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd6ed27 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd6ed27\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-704b7cf6\" data-id=\"704b7cf6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74435613 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74435613\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">5. How do I feel if I have diabetic retinopathy?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6af0f2fb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6af0f2fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6199a220\" data-id=\"6199a220\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c2aad97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c2aad97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may be asymptomatic<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vision loss, vision variations<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Floating flakes<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metamorphopsii<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ff738ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ff738ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66df2222\" data-id=\"66df2222\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-968a4c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"968a4c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-29d8a30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"29d8a30\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd2a222\" data-id=\"dd2a222\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39c9b85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39c9b85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie-1024x397.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6562\" alt=\"Retinopatia diabetica este o complicatie a diabetului, oftalmologie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie-1024x397.png 1024w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie-768x297.png 768w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/retinopatia-diabetica-oftalmologie.png 1402w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d65127 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2d65127\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a34c67\" data-id=\"6a34c67\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d2a2bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8d2a2bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a57d308 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a57d308\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3044e490\" data-id=\"3044e490\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a68b8f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a68b8f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">6. Are there several types of diabetic retinopathy?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56e5a220 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56e5a220\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66ec3ad4\" data-id=\"66ec3ad4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6820b4b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6820b4b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The classification of diabetic retinopathy divides it into a non-proliferative and a proliferative form. The non-proliferative form of the disease starts with minimal lesions, whose negative evolution leads to the appearance of retinal haemorrhages and exudates and areas of ischaemia, i.e. non-functional areas of the retina. Proliferative stages are characterised by the appearance of bad (neovascular) blood vessels that invade the fundus and may include the anterior part of the eye, complicated by vitreous haemorrhages and retinal detachment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the disease progresses, diabetic macular edema may develop.<\/span><\/p><p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21cea52f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21cea52f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30fca3c9\" data-id=\"30fca3c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ebe9e99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1ebe9e99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-502b970e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"502b970e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56b7c03f\" data-id=\"56b7c03f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc1c64a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc1c64a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">7. What investigations should be performed to diagnose and classify diabetic retinopathy?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6238dacd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6238dacd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16d2da8a\" data-id=\"16d2da8a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ebf0fdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ebf0fdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to the clinical-ocular examination using the biomicroscope to assess the appearance of the retina, there are two investigations considered \"gold-standard\" for the diagnosis and staging of diabetic retinopathy:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/angiofluorografia-retiniana\/\"><b>Fluorescein angiography<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can be used to determine the degree of ischemia or the presence of retinal vascular abnormalities, the presence of retinal edema and neoplasms.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/tomografia-in-coerenta-optica\/\"><b>Optical coherence tomography<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is useful for determining the presence and location of intraretinal and\/or subretinal fluid and for measuring retinal thickness. Tomography is essential in monitoring and evaluating response to treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><b>And the lab tests<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are important in the evaluation of diabetes and therefore diabetic retinopathy.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Haemoglobin A1c determines the blood glucose value of the last 3 months. A target of 5.5 % - 6.0 % is ideal, although difficult to achieve in some patients. In general, the target is HbA1c \u2264 7. Sometimes, for older patients (\u226570 years), diabetologists aim for a slightly higher HbA1C, as levels below 7 have been associated with increased morbidity.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a5e7950 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a5e7950\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f7ae1a9\" data-id=\"5f7ae1a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-458e9f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"458e9f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d37c933 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d37c933\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-412e9214\" data-id=\"412e9214\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dd33d2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5dd33d2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">8. What is the treatment for this disease?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d0eb65a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d0eb65a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-317a0f0a\" data-id=\"317a0f0a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5216933e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5216933e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most important factor in the medical management of diabetic retinopathy is good glycemic control<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adequate control of hypertension<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Different types of treatment are effective in 90% of cases to prevent severe vision loss.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increasing physical activity<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment options<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laser therapy<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anti-VEGF drugs (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept) and corticosteroids<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/echipamente\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surgical intervention<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37ffa956 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"37ffa956\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1313b12a\" data-id=\"1313b12a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e4140d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2e4140d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27f6e220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27f6e220\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79f2d34d\" data-id=\"79f2d34d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37a9e599 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37a9e599\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">9. How does the laser work in diabetic retinopathy?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-583bc6b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"583bc6b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-145b8c45\" data-id=\"145b8c45\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101b2539 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"101b2539\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laser treatment for retinopathy, called laser photocoagulation, works in part by creating tiny, painless retinal burns that seal blood vessels and reduce edema. The number of laser spots we apply and the number of treatments you need depend on the type and extent of your retinopathy and how well you respond to treatment. You may have to wait a few months to find out if this treatment is effective for your eye. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f280185 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f280185\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c7c40fb\" data-id=\"7c7c40fb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a72f841 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5a72f841\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7024a54e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7024a54e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b3adf94\" data-id=\"1b3adf94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31589a61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31589a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">10. Role of intravitreal injections with anti-VEGF agents and corticosteroids in diabetic retinopathy<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46dc658d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46dc658d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27fca5df\" data-id=\"27fca5df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53273f90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53273f90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is secreted by the ischemic retina. VEGF leads to a) increased vascular permeability resulting in retinal oedema and b) angiogenesis or the formation of new blood vessels (neovessels). Due to this pathophysiological mechanism one of the treatment options is the injection of anti-VEGF substances.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the last few years, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) inhibitors have become first-line therapy in diabetic macular oedema.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injections are performed in the operating room, following strict hygiene and disinfection measures. The drug is injected intraocularly through a very thin 30 Ga needle. The procedure takes a few seconds and is painless. In most cases patients require several intraocular injections, depending on the response to treatment, assessed by coherence tomography. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">optics. Risks of the procedure occur extremely rarely, but range from intraocular infections to heart disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5daf4017 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5daf4017\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76bbb5bb\" data-id=\"76bbb5bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2352d69e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2352d69e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d2a21c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d2a21c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c4a54ff\" data-id=\"3c4a54ff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58bb16c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"58bb16c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">11. Surgical intervention in patients with diabetic retinopathy<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e58b3d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e58b3d5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a1d922a\" data-id=\"1a1d922a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fea2abc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fea2abc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In case of diabetic retinopathy complications, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, the only treatment is posterior vitrectomy surgery. In these cases the postoperative visual prognosis is reserved.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7725a3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7725a3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-480b576\" data-id=\"480b576\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbaa622 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbaa622\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Descoperi\u021bi mai multe informa\u021bii valoroase despre oftalmologie \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea ochilor vizion\u00e2nd materialele realizate de exper\u021bi \u00een domeniu de pe canalul nostru de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@profmunteanu\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">YouTube<\/span><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f31bde6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f31bde6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85eaca1\" data-id=\"85eaca1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8967a60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8967a60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cd94757 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3cd94757\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-521f4bd6\" data-id=\"521f4bd6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a30aa49 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6a30aa49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a75663d elementor-widget elementor-widget-testimonial\" data-id=\"1a75663d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"testimonial.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-content\">\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta elementor-has-image elementor-testimonial-image-position-aside\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/CV-Dr-Preda-Alexandra.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dr-Alexandra-Preda.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1612\" alt=\"medic primar oftalmolog\" srcset=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dr-Alexandra-Preda.png 1000w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dr-Alexandra-Preda-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dr-Alexandra-Preda-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dr-Alexandra-Preda-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-testimonial-name\" href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/CV-Dr-Preda-Alexandra.pdf\">Ophthalmologist Dr Alexandra Preda<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-testimonial-job\" href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/CV-Dr-Preda-Alexandra.pdf\">PhD in medical sciences, Head of the Department at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy \"Victor Babes\" Timisoara<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42e6740a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"42e6740a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6768e50f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6768e50f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-356d3dca\" data-id=\"356d3dca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-198b5313 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"198b5313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"https:\/\/oftalmologica.ro.programarionline.sophtha.com\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Consult Programming<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-623a710f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"623a710f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a2735c0\" data-id=\"4a2735c0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Retinopatia Diabetica &#8211; complicatie a diabetului Retinopatia diabetic\u0103, o afec\u021biune ocular\u0103 progresiv\u0103, poate afecta grav persoanele cu diabet zaharat. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem stadiile \u0219i simptomele retinopatiei diabetice pentru a interveni c\u00e2t mai devreme. Retinopatia diabetic\u0103 evolueaz\u0103 \u00een patru stadii distincte, de la modific\u0103ri minore ale vaselor de s\u00e2nge p\u00e2n\u0103 la dezvoltarea neovasculariza\u021biei. Simptomele ini\u021biale [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2116","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Retinopatia Diabetica - Clinica Oftalmologica Dr. Munteanu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/profmunteanu.ro\/en\/retinopatia-diabetica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Retinopatia Diabetica - Clinica Oftalmologica Dr. Munteanu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Retinopatia Diabetica &#8211; complicatie a diabetului Retinopatia diabetic\u0103, o afec\u021biune ocular\u0103 progresiv\u0103, poate afecta grav persoanele cu diabet zaharat. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem stadiile \u0219i simptomele retinopatiei diabetice pentru a interveni c\u00e2t mai devreme. Retinopatia diabetic\u0103 evolueaz\u0103 \u00een patru stadii distincte, de la modific\u0103ri minore ale vaselor de s\u00e2nge p\u00e2n\u0103 la dezvoltarea neovasculariza\u021biei. 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Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem stadiile \u0219i simptomele retinopatiei diabetice pentru a interveni c\u00e2t mai devreme. Retinopatia diabetic\u0103 evolueaz\u0103 \u00een patru stadii distincte, de la modific\u0103ri minore ale vaselor de s\u00e2nge p\u00e2n\u0103 la dezvoltarea neovasculariza\u021biei. 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